Before constructing, purchasing or reconstructing a property, it is important to understand two essential documents. The building permit and the use permit confirm that a structure is legally built and safe for use. Although often mentioned together, these two documents apply to different stages of the construction process.
What is a building permit
A building permit is an official approval issued by the competent authority allowing the construction of a new building or the reconstruction of an existing one. It confirms that the project documentation complies with spatial plans, construction regulations and safety standards.
When a building permit is required
It is required for the construction of houses and buildings, for extensions and additions, for reconstructions that affect the structure and for other works that change the appearance, stability or volume of a building. Minor works may only require a construction notice, but this rarely applies to residential buildings intended for living.
Buildings constructed before 1968
Buildings constructed before 15 February 1968 are considered legally built even if they do not have a building permit. In such cases, the owner can obtain an official certificate confirming the age of the building, which serves as proof of legality.
What is a use permit
A use permit is an official document confirming that the building is constructed in accordance with the building permit and is safe for use. It is issued after the technical inspection is completed. In practice, the building permit allows construction, while the use permit allows occupation.
Why the use permit is important when buying property
A use permit is one of the most important documents during a property purchase. It reduces risk because the building has passed technical inspection and meets all safety and construction requirements. Banks often refuse to approve mortgages for properties without a use permit, and buyers may have difficulties obtaining utility connections or passing future inspections.
How to check if the permits exist
Checks can be made through land registry records, cadastral data, the archives of the local construction office or directly by requesting documentation from the seller. Reliable agencies usually verify all documentation before listing a property and present only properties with clean ownership and valid permits.
What to do if a property does not have a use permit
It may be possible to obtain a use permit afterwards if the structure was built according to the approved project. If there are deviations, the owner may need to initiate a legalization procedure. Buyers are advised to consult professionals or a real estate agency to assess whether the issue can be resolved before purchase.
Conclusion
The building permit and the use permit form the foundation of legal construction and safe property use. The building permit allows construction to begin, and the use permit confirms that the property is completed according to all regulations. Buyers and investors who understand these documents make safer and more informed decisions.
